2026 IJRSE – Volume 15 Issue 13
Available Online: 21 May 2026
Author/s:
Jimenez, Maritess R.
Iloilo State University of Fisheries Science and Technology, Tiwi, Barotac, Nuevo Iloilo, Philippines
Abstract:
This review evaluates the potential of Fermented Plant Juice (FPJ) derived from Malunggay (Moringa oleifera) as a functional, cost-effective, and sustainable alternative feed supplement in aquaculture. The continuous growth of global aquaculture is heavily constrained by the volatile costs and supply of conventional feed ingredients, particularly fishmeal and soybean meal. While raw Malunggay leaf meal possesses an excellent nutritional profile—boasting high crude protein, balanced amino acids, and vital micronutrients—its utilization in monogastric aquatic animals is strictly limited by the presence of anti-nutritional factors (ANFs) such as tannins, phytates, and saponins. Anaerobic fermentation using molasses offers a biochemical solution by leveraging indigenous beneficial microorganisms, particularly lactic acid bacteria, to break down complex cellular matrices, hydrolyze anti-nutritional compounds, and improve nutrient bioavailability. Current empirical evidence indicates that diets fortified with optimized levels of Malunggay FPJ lead to marked enhancements in growth performance, feed conversion efficiency, and survival rates in cultured species, including Nile Tilapia (Oreoptera niloticus). Furthermore, the bioactive compounds within the fermented juice stimulate the non-specific immune response and improve intestinal health by optimizing gut microbiota. This review demonstrates that localized, small-scale production of Malunggay FPJ can serve as a viable organic intervention to reduce production costs, advance indigenous resource utilization, and align localized fish farming with the broader objectives of sustainable food production.
Keywords: Moringa oleifera, Fermented Plant Juice (FPJ), aquaculture feeds, feed efficiency, sustainable aquaculture
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5861/ijrse.2026.26213
Cite this article:
Jimenez, M. R. (2026). Fermented plant juice (Moringa oleifera) as an alternative feed supplement in sustainable aquaculture: A review. International Journal of Research Studies in Education, 15(13), 51-59. https://doi.org/10.5861/ijrse.2026.26213