2026 IJRSE – Volume 15 Issue 8
Available Online: 3 April 2026
Author/s:
Gabatino, Cristina
Ilocos Sur Polytechnic State College, Philippines (cristina.gabatino@deped.gov.ph)
Abstract:
This study analyzed the syntactic errors present in the persuasive essays of Grade 10 learners and identified the factors contributing to these errors. Using a quantitative descriptive design, data were collected from 50 learners who produced two persuasive essays. Content analysis was employed to identify syntactic errors, while a validated questionnaire determined contributing factors such as interlanguage interference, cognitive processing limitations, and insufficient exposure to academic writing conventions. Findings revealed that common errors included incorrect word choice, missing punctuation, faulty parallelism, run-on sentences, and subject–verb agreement errors. Insufficient exposure to academic writing conventions emerged as the most significant factor. Based on the findings, a contextualized intervention material was developed to improve learners’ syntactic competence. The study highlights the need for explicit grammar instruction, guided writing practice, and contextualized learning resources to enhance writing proficiency. In response, the Contextualized Intervention Material (CIM) was developed and validated, offering leveled activities designed to improve learners’ performance. The CIM was found to be very highly valid in addressing syntactic errors. Recommendations include utilization of the CIM, emphasis on teaching vocabulary, parallelism, punctuation, cohesive devices, pronouns, and subject-verb agreement in grammar lessons, providing feedback, and future studies to explore other dimensions of writing development.
Keywords: syntactic errors, persuasive writing, interlanguage interference, academic writing, intervention material
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5861/ijrse.2026.26116
Cite this article:
Gabatino, C. (2026). Analysis of syntactic errors in the persuasive essays of grade 10 learners as basis of contextualized intervention material. International Journal of Research Studies in Education, 15(8), 65-72. https://doi.org/10.5861/ijrse.2026.26116