International Journal of Research Studies in Management
Divine Word College of San Jose Special Issue
2025 Volume 13 Issue 8
Available Online: 12 December 2025
Author/s:
Solino, Karen D.*
Divine Word College of San Jose, Philippines (solinokaren@gmail.com)
Galay-Limos, Jenny A.
Divine Word College of San Jose, Philippines (jennygalay05@gmail.com)
Abstract:
Mathematics is essential to education because it develops crucial skills such as logical reasoning, critical thinking, and problem-solving, which are vital for success in both academic and real-world settings. Thus, this study examined the teaching strategies used by mathematics teachers in terms of visual aids, manipulative-based instruction, problem-based learning, collaborative learning, and contextualized instruction, and their relationship to the numeracy skills of elementary pupils in the Caluya District in terms of number sense, basic operations, fractions and decimals, measurement, and problem-solving. A descriptive-correlational design was employed, utilizing a researcher-made questionnaire administered to 51 pupils in Grades 4 to 6. Findings revealed that teachers regularly applied a wide range of instructional strategies. Visual aids and collaborative learning, in particular, appeared as the most frequently used and most effective in supporting pupils’ learning. Pupils, on the other hand, demonstrated a very high level of numeracy skills. Strengths were observed in number sense, basic operations, and fraction-decimal competencies, while areas needing improvement included reading, measuring instruments, explaining solutions, and solving word problems. Correlation analysis demonstrated a moderately strong and highly significant relationship between teaching strategies and numeracy skills, suggesting that effective instruction contributes significantly to numeracy development. These findings emphasize the crucial role of instructional practices in forming mathematical learning outcomes and underline the need to enhance specific skill areas through targeted teaching approaches. The researcher recommends that school administrators and DepEd officials support the provision of adequate instructional materials, including visual aids, manipulatives, and digital tools, to sustain effective mathematics teaching across grade levels.
Keywords: fundamental operations, teaching strategies, numeracy skills, mathematics education, instructional practices
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5861/ijrsm.2025.25531
Cite this article:
Solino, K. D., & Galay-Limos, J. A. (2025). Teaching strategies in mathematics and numeracy skills development of elementary pupils in Caluya District. International Journal of Research Studies in Management, 13(8), 187-194. https://doi.org/10.5861/ijrsm.2025.25531
* Corresponding Author