2026 IJRSE – Volume 15 Issue 15
Available Online: 20 June 2026
Author/s:
Artates, Lyza Joyce
Echaure, Jessie*
Northern Zambales College, Inc., Philippines (jessieechaure48@gmail.com)
Ebba, Dennmark
Empoc, Kean Isaac
Evangelista, Ken Mark Edison
Funa, John Jayson
Pedarse, Aviona Fatima
Polistico, Jun Edward
Manzano, Marben
Doble, Sherrie Mei
Morales, Mark Joseph
Abstract:
The Terminal Appointment Booking System (TABS) was implemented in Philippine ports to address congestion, improve truck scheduling, and enhance operational efficiency. Despite its intended benefits, concerns regarding booking errors, appointment violations, and user accessibility continue to affect its effectiveness. This study examined the predictors and challenges associated with the operational implementation of TABS in the Subic Bay Metropolitan Authority (SBMA) Ports, Olongapo City. A quantitative descriptive research design was employed. Data were collected from 50 stakeholders, including truck drivers, logistics coordinators, customs brokers, terminal staff, and other port-related personnel, using a researcher-made questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and Pearson Product-Moment Correlation were utilized to analyze the data. Findings revealed that respondents generally agreed that TABS positively influenced port operations, particularly in terms of perceived operational efficiency (WM = 2.84), booking success rate (WM = 2.81), and user satisfaction (WM = 2.80). However, appointment violations and turnaround time remained operational concerns. Significant differences in perceptions of turnaround time were found when respondents were grouped according to role in port operations. Major challenges identified included insufficient user training, resistance to digital adoption, weak compliance enforcement, and booking congestion during peak periods. The study concludes that TABS contributes positively to port efficiency and logistics coordination. Nevertheless, strengthening user training, improving compliance monitoring, and enhancing system support mechanisms are necessary to maximize its operational effectiveness and ensure sustainable digital transformation in port management.
Keywords: Terminal Appointment Booking System (TABS), port operations, operational efficiency, booking success rate, turnaround time, digitalization, logistics management, port congestion
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5861/ijrse.2026.26277
Cite this article:
Artates, L. J., Echaure, J., Ebba, D., Empoc, K. I., Evangelista, K. M. E., Funa, J. J., Pedarse, A. F., Polistico, J. E., Manzano, M.,Doble, S. M., & Morales, M. J. (2026). Predictors and challenges associated with the operational implementation of the Terminal Appointment Booking System (TABS) in Olongapo City SBMA Ports. International Journal of Research Studies in Education, 15(15), 91-120. https://doi.org/10.5861/ijrse.2026.26277
* Corresponding Author