2026 IJRSE – Volume 15 Issue 13
Available Online: 30 May 2026
Author/s:
Nerida, Princess Apple
Osias Educational Foundation, Inc., Philippines (pria.nerida@gmail.com)
Abstract:
Music education is a vital component of the K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum in the Philippines, mandated under the Department of Education’s Music, Arts, Physical Education, and Health (MAPEH) program. Despite its recognized importance in fostering creativity, emotional intelligence, and cultural awareness, its implementation in public elementary schools faces persistent challenges. This study investigates the competencies of teachers and the difficulties they encounter in delivering music instruction in the intermediate grades of Balaoan District, Division of La Union. Using an Input-Process-Output (IPO) research design, the study examined teachers’ profiles, self-perceived competencies, challenges in teaching, and the effectiveness of instructional delivery. Findings reveal that many teachers lack specialized training in music, face limited access to instructional materials, and struggle with time allocation and prioritization compared to core subjects. These barriers hinder effective music instruction and compromise learners’ holistic development. The study proposes a training program designed to build teacher confidence, enhance pedagogical skills, and provide strategies for delivering engaging lessons. By aligning with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) on quality education and reduced inequalities, the research underscores the transformative potential of music education in promoting cultural identity, creativity, and inclusive learning opportunities.
Keywords: music education, teacher competencies, challenges, Balaoan District, Sustainable Development Goals
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5861/ijrse.2026.26234
Cite this article:
Nerida, P. A. (2026). Competencies and challenges in teaching music in the intermediate grades of Balaoan District: Basis for a proposed training program. International Journal of Research Studies in Education, 15(13), 217-236. https://doi.org/10.5861/ijrse.2026.26234